Hermann hesse biography referat layout

In the year of his 50th birthday, the first biography of Hesse appeared, written by his friend Hugo Ball. In , Hesse left the Casa Camuzzi and moved with Ninon to a larger house, also near Montagnola, which was built for him to use for the rest of his life, by his friend and patron Hans C. Magister Ludi. Hesse observed the rise to power of Nazism in Germany with concern.

In this way, Hesse attempted to work against Hitler 's suppression of art and literature that protested Nazi ideology. Hesse's third wife was Jewish, and he had publicly expressed his opposition to anti-Semitism long before then. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in During the last twenty years of his life, Hesse wrote many short stories chiefly recollections of his childhood and poems frequently with nature as their theme.

Hesse also wrote ironic essays about his alienation from writing for instance, the mock autobiographies: Life Story Briefly Told and Aus den Briefwechseln eines Dichters and spent much time pursuing his interest in watercolours. Hesse also occupied himself with the steady stream of letters he received as a result of the Nobel Prize and as a new generation of German readers explored his work.

In one essay, Hesse reflected wryly on his lifelong failure to acquire a talent for idleness and speculated that his average daily correspondence exceeded pages. As reflected in Demian , and other works, he believed that "for different people, there are different ways to God". In his time, Hesse was a popular and influential author in the German-speaking world; worldwide fame only came later.

Hesse's first great novel, Peter Camenzind , was received enthusiastically by young Germans desiring a different and more "natural" way of life in this time of great economic and technological progress in the country see also Wandervogel movement. In the s, Hesse's popularity began to wane, while literature critics and intellectuals turned their attention to other subjects.

In , the sales of Hesse's books by his publisher Suhrkamp reached an all-time low. However, after Hesse's death in , posthumously published writings, including letters and previously unknown pieces of prose, contributed to a new level of understanding and appreciation of his works. By the time of Hesse's death in , his works were still relatively little read in the United States, despite his status as a Nobel laureate.

A memorial published in The New York Times went so far as to claim that Hesse's works were largely "inaccessible" to American readers. The situation changed in the mids when Hesse's works suddenly became bestsellers in the United States. In particular, the quest-for-enlightenment theme of Siddhartha , Journey to the East , and Narcissus and Goldmund resonated with those espousing counter-cultural ideals.

The "magic theatre" sequences in Steppenwolf were interpreted by some as drug-induced psychedelia although there is no evidence that Hesse ever took psychedelic drugs or recommended their use. In a space of just a few years, Hesse became the most widely read and translated European author of the 20th century. There is a quote from Demian on the cover of Santana 's album Abraxas , revealing the source of the album's title.

Hesse's Siddhartha is one of the most popular Western novels set in India. An authorised translation of Siddhartha was published in the Malayalam language in , the language that surrounded Hesse's grandfather, Hermann Gundert, for most of his life. A Hermann Hesse Society of India has also been formed. It aims to bring out authentic translations of Siddhartha in all Indian languages and has already prepared the Sanskrit, [ 57 ] Malayalam [ 58 ] and Hindi [ 59 ] translations of Siddhartha.

Referring to "The Magic Theatre for Madmen Only" in Steppenwolf a kind of spiritual and somewhat nightmarish cabaret attended by some of the characters, including Harry Haller , the Magic Theatre was founded in to perform works by new playwrights. Founded by John Lion, the Magic Theatre has fulfilled that mission for many years, including the world premieres of many plays by Sam Shepard.

There is also a theatre in Chicago named after the novel, Steppenwolf Theatre. Throughout Germany, many schools are named after him. The Hermann-Hesse-Literaturpreis is a literary prize associated with the city of Karlsruhe that has been awarded since The band Steppenwolf took its name from Hesse's novel. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk.

Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. German writer — This article is about the German writer. For the Swiss politician and businessman, see Hermann Hess politician. For the Ghanaian technology entrepreneur, see Herman Chinery-Hesse. Life and work [ edit ]. Family background [ edit ]. Childhood [ edit ].

Education [ edit ]. Becoming a writer [ edit ]. During the First World War [ edit ]. Casa Camuzzi [ edit ]. Later life and death [ edit ]. Religious views [ edit ]. Influence [ edit ]. Awards [ edit ]. Books [ edit ]. Novellas [ edit ]. Novels [ edit ]. The Glass Bead Game Magister Ludi , published in , was the only other important novel to be published.

In , Hesse was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. Because of his anti-nationalistic ideas, he was once again shunned by the Germans. Following the war, however, his books regained popularity in Germany, where they have stayed until recently. Hermann Hesse died at Montagnola of a brain hemorrhage on August 9, , after collecting numerous literary honors.

He is split between two selves: a man-half who yearns for the respectability and luxuries of bourgeois life, and a wolf-half who scorns such irrational impulses. Throughout the work, Hesse returns to this dichotomy, but he also condemns it as unduly basic and exaggerated. The theatre, according to Pablo, is a space where the dissolution of the personality can be performed.

Behind one of the weird doors, a man who looks eerily like Pablo informs Harry that the individual is made up of countless selves that can be rearranged in various ways, much like chess pieces. The Existence of a World Beyond Time:. It is the domain of all that matters, including works of genius by artists such as Mozart, the strength and potency inherent in all authentic feelings and acts, and pure saints and suffering martyrs.

When Harry is functioning properly, the thought of presence beyond time appears as a frequent sensation. Hesse develops the idea of a world beyond in parallel with his other key themes in Steppenwolf. Laughter may be a means of confronting life, but eternity is the key to understanding why. In the grand scheme of things, Hesse suggests that our efforts to promote virtue and genius matter.

The narrative provides a simple remedy to this issue: laughter. At all. Only Thomas Mann and Franz Kafka have received more attention than Hesse among German writers of the twentieth century. However, until the s, Hesse was completely unknown in the United States. Only a few of his writings had been translated into English, and some of the translations were terrible.

Prior to the Nobel Prize in , there were very few critical essays or mentions in literary publications. His name was discussed more regularly for a short period after that, and some worthwhile critical literature surfaced. Hesse, on the other hand, was largely unknown on college campuses, with only a few exceptions. Hesse himself doubted that he would ever achieve widespread acclaim in the English-speaking world, especially in the United States.

Hesse, on the other hand, has become a cult hero among many college students. Steppenwolf was the name of a rock band and a California discotheque, and it became a sort of bible for the counter-culture in the s. When Harry Haller blames pre-World War II German society for establishing a dehumanizing military industrial complex and destroying nature, youths frequently hear themselves echoed.

In , Hesse married Ruth Wenger, but the marriage lasted only three years. Hesse continued to develop the theme of Faustian dualism in his next major work, "The Steppenwolf," with its protagonist, Harry Haller, a tormented artist searching for meaning. According to contemporary literary scholar Ernst Rose, "The Steppenwolf' was the first German novel to penetrate the depths of the subconscious in search of spiritual wholeness.

The novel reiterates the central themes of Hesse's earlier works. In , Hesse was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature "for his inspired writings which, with growing boldness and penetration, exemplify the classical humanist ideals and high qualities of style. Overcome yourselves! For being human means to suffer from incurable duality, means being torn between good and evil.

Hesse did not write any major works after receiving the Nobel Prize. He continued to publish essays, letters, and new translations of his novels. He spent his final years in Switzerland, where he died in his sleep at the age of 85 from a cerebral hemorrhage.

Hermann hesse biography referat layout

In , he was elected to the Prussian Academy of Arts but resigned four years later due to political developments in Germany. This influence can be seen in his novels Siddhartha and Journey to the East, which explore themes of self-discovery and spiritual enlightenment. Hesse was also influenced by the German Romantic movement, particularly the works of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Nietzsche.

His interest in psychology and psychoanalysis, which was popularized by Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung, also played a significant role in his writing. Hermann Hesse is widely regarded as one of the most influential writers of the 20th century. His works have been translated into numerous languages and continue to be read and studied around the world.

One of the most prominent themes in his writing is the search for self-discovery and the meaning of life. This theme is explored in his novel Steppenwolf, which tells the story of a man who feels alienated from society and struggles to find meaning in his life. In his novel Demian, the protagonist is a young artist who struggles to reconcile his creative impulses with the expectations of his family and society.

His writing continues to inspire readers around the world, and his legacy as a writer and philosopher remains strong today. He believed in the importance of individualism and self-discovery, and his works often explored themes of spirituality, nature, and the human psyche. Hesse was also critical of the societal norms and values of his time, particularly the emphasis on materialism and conformity.

His writings encouraged readers to question their own beliefs and to seek a deeper understanding of themselves and the world around them. He was married three times and had several affairs throughout his life. His first marriage to Maria Bernoulli ended in divorce after only a few years, and his second marriage to Ruth Wenger was also short-lived.

It was his third marriage to Ninon Dolbin that lasted the longest, but even that relationship was not without its difficulties. Hesse struggled with depression and mental illness throughout his life, which put a strain on his relationships. Despite these challenges, Hesse maintained close friendships with several notable figures, including the poet Rainer Maria Rilke and the philosopher Martin Heidegger.

These relationships influenced his writing and helped shape his worldview.